Preprints
https://doi.org/10.5194/mr-2024-20
https://doi.org/10.5194/mr-2024-20
18 Nov 2024
 | 18 Nov 2024
Status: this preprint is currently under review for the journal MR.

Innovative L-band electron paramagnetic resonance investigation of solid-state pouch cell batteries

Charles-Emmanuel Dutoit, Raffaella Soleti, Jean-Marie Doux, Vincent Pelé, Véronique Boireau, Christian Jordy, Simon Pondaven, and Hervé Vezin

Abstract. Usually, the conventional electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and imaging use a microwave cavity operating at X-band, i.e. with an excitation frequency of around 9.6 GHz, and remains the most popular mode in the magnetic characterization of lithium batteries to date. We provide here the first low-frequency EPR investigations for monitoring the metallic lithium structures in the solid-state pouch cell batteries. We show that L band, i.e. a microwave frequency of around 1.01 GHz, is an invaluable method to probe in depth the electrode components through a standard pouch cell using aluminum laminated film for packaging without opening the battery. These results offer a new approach for monitoring the nucleation of micrometric and sub-micrometric lithium particles such as dendritic lithium structures which is an important step in the development of reliable solid-state batteries.

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Charles-Emmanuel Dutoit, Raffaella Soleti, Jean-Marie Doux, Vincent Pelé, Véronique Boireau, Christian Jordy, Simon Pondaven, and Hervé Vezin

Status: open (until 21 Dec 2024)

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Charles-Emmanuel Dutoit, Raffaella Soleti, Jean-Marie Doux, Vincent Pelé, Véronique Boireau, Christian Jordy, Simon Pondaven, and Hervé Vezin
Charles-Emmanuel Dutoit, Raffaella Soleti, Jean-Marie Doux, Vincent Pelé, Véronique Boireau, Christian Jordy, Simon Pondaven, and Hervé Vezin

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Short summary
We have performed a low frequency EPR study on two solid-state batteries (NMC||Li-metal and NMC||Si-based) sealed inside an industrial and standard aluminum laminated pouch cell. EPR imaging allowed us to locate the metallic anode through the Al-based pouch cell confirming the good penetration of the microwave field through the pouch. We think our approach provides valuable insight for the battery community paving the way to the quality control of industrial and commercial batteries.