Articles | Volume 2, issue 2 
            
                
                    
            
            
            https://doi.org/10.5194/mr-2-673-2021
                    © Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/mr-2-673-2021
                    © Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Rapid-scan electron paramagnetic resonance using an EPR-on-a-Chip sensor
Silvio Künstner
                                            Berlin Joint EPR Laboratory and EPR4Energy, Department Spins in Energy Conversion and Quantum Information Science (ASPIN), Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
                                        
                                    Anh Chu
                                            Institute of Smart Sensors, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 47, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
                                        
                                    Klaus-Peter Dinse
                                            Berlin Joint EPR Laboratory and EPR4Energy, Department Spins in Energy Conversion and Quantum Information Science (ASPIN), Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
                                        
                                    
                                            Berlin Joint EPR Laboratory, Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
                                        
                                    Alexander Schnegg
                                            EPR4Energy, Max-Planck-Institut für chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstraße 34–36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
                                        
                                    Joseph E. McPeak
                                            Berlin Joint EPR Laboratory and EPR4Energy, Department Spins in Energy Conversion and Quantum Information Science (ASPIN), Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
                                        
                                    Boris Naydenov
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
                                            
                                    
                                            Berlin Joint EPR Laboratory and EPR4Energy, Department Spins in Energy Conversion and Quantum Information Science (ASPIN), Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
                                        
                                    Jens Anders
                                            Institute of Smart Sensors, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 47, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
                                        
                                    
                                            Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQST), Stuttgart and Ulm, Germany
                                        
                                    Klaus Lips
                                            Berlin Joint EPR Laboratory and EPR4Energy, Department Spins in Energy Conversion and Quantum Information Science (ASPIN), Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
                                        
                                    
                                            Berlin Joint EPR Laboratory, Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
                                        
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                            Cited
17 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Current Trends in VCO-Based EPR M. Kern et al. 10.1007/s00723-024-01698-0
 - Operando detection of dissolved oxygen in fluid solution using a submersible rapid scan EPR on a chip dipstick sensor J. McPeak et al. 10.1038/s41598-025-93591-4
 - Monitoring the state of charge of vanadium redox flow batteries with an EPR-on-a-Chip dipstick sensor S. Künstner et al. 10.1039/D4CP00373J
 - Towards optical MAS magnetic resonance using optical traps L. Marti et al. 10.1016/j.jmro.2023.100145
 - Electrically Detected Magnetic Resonance on a Chip (EDMRoC) for Analysis of Thin-Film Silicon Photovoltaics M. Segantini et al. 10.3390/magnetochemistry9070183
 - Towards an EPR on a Chip Spectrometer for Monitoring Radiation Damage During X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy E. Shabratova et al. 10.1007/s00723-024-01702-7
 - Microwave field mapping for EPR-on-a-chip experiments S. Künstner et al. 10.1126/sciadv.ado5467
 - Towards single-cell pulsed EPR using VCO-based EPR-on-a-chip detectors M. Hassan et al. 10.1515/freq-2022-0096
 - Rapid scan ESR: A versatile tool for the spin relaxation studies at (sub)THz frequencies O. Laguta et al. 10.1063/5.0083010
 - Field-domain rapid-scan EPR at 240 GHz for studies of protein functional dynamics at room temperature B. Price et al. 10.1016/j.jmr.2024.107744
 - X-Band Single Chip Integrated Pulsed Electron Spin Resonance Microsystem R. Farsi et al. 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02769
 - Integration of electrically detected magnetic resonance on a chip (EDMRoC) with charge pumping for low-cost and sensitive defect characterization in silicon carbide metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors J. Lettens et al. 10.1063/5.0245349
 - Computationally efficient 4D spectral-spatial EPR imaging M. Tseytlin & O. Tseytlin 10.1016/j.jmr.2025.107980
 - 200 GHz single chip microsystems for dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced NMR spectroscopy N. Sahin Solmaz et al. 10.1038/s41467-024-49767-z
 - Compact Electron Paramagnetic Resonance on a Chip Spectrometer Using a Single Sided Permanent Magnet M. Segantini et al. 10.1021/acssensors.4c00788
 - Recent advances in microresonators and supporting instrumentation for electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy N. Abhyankar et al. 10.1063/5.0097853
 - Lithium phthalocyanine (γ-structure) as a molecular oxygen sensor E. Tomsik et al. 10.1039/D4RA08335K
 
17 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Current Trends in VCO-Based EPR M. Kern et al. 10.1007/s00723-024-01698-0
 - Operando detection of dissolved oxygen in fluid solution using a submersible rapid scan EPR on a chip dipstick sensor J. McPeak et al. 10.1038/s41598-025-93591-4
 - Monitoring the state of charge of vanadium redox flow batteries with an EPR-on-a-Chip dipstick sensor S. Künstner et al. 10.1039/D4CP00373J
 - Towards optical MAS magnetic resonance using optical traps L. Marti et al. 10.1016/j.jmro.2023.100145
 - Electrically Detected Magnetic Resonance on a Chip (EDMRoC) for Analysis of Thin-Film Silicon Photovoltaics M. Segantini et al. 10.3390/magnetochemistry9070183
 - Towards an EPR on a Chip Spectrometer for Monitoring Radiation Damage During X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy E. Shabratova et al. 10.1007/s00723-024-01702-7
 - Microwave field mapping for EPR-on-a-chip experiments S. Künstner et al. 10.1126/sciadv.ado5467
 - Towards single-cell pulsed EPR using VCO-based EPR-on-a-chip detectors M. Hassan et al. 10.1515/freq-2022-0096
 - Rapid scan ESR: A versatile tool for the spin relaxation studies at (sub)THz frequencies O. Laguta et al. 10.1063/5.0083010
 - Field-domain rapid-scan EPR at 240 GHz for studies of protein functional dynamics at room temperature B. Price et al. 10.1016/j.jmr.2024.107744
 - X-Band Single Chip Integrated Pulsed Electron Spin Resonance Microsystem R. Farsi et al. 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02769
 - Integration of electrically detected magnetic resonance on a chip (EDMRoC) with charge pumping for low-cost and sensitive defect characterization in silicon carbide metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors J. Lettens et al. 10.1063/5.0245349
 - Computationally efficient 4D spectral-spatial EPR imaging M. Tseytlin & O. Tseytlin 10.1016/j.jmr.2025.107980
 - 200 GHz single chip microsystems for dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced NMR spectroscopy N. Sahin Solmaz et al. 10.1038/s41467-024-49767-z
 - Compact Electron Paramagnetic Resonance on a Chip Spectrometer Using a Single Sided Permanent Magnet M. Segantini et al. 10.1021/acssensors.4c00788
 - Recent advances in microresonators and supporting instrumentation for electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy N. Abhyankar et al. 10.1063/5.0097853
 - Lithium phthalocyanine (γ-structure) as a molecular oxygen sensor E. Tomsik et al. 10.1039/D4RA08335K
 
Latest update: 03 Nov 2025
Short summary
            Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is the method of choice to investigate and quantify paramagnetic species. We present the application of an unconventional EPR detection method, rapid-scan EPR, to enhance the sensitivity on an improved design of a miniaturized EPR spectrometer implemented on a silicon microchip. Due to its size, it may be integrated into complex and harsh sample environments, enabling in situ or operando EPR measurements that have previously been inaccessible.
            Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is the method of choice to investigate and...